First Steps After Death

The death of a loved one triggers an immediate series of legal, financial, and practical responsibilities—often at a time when families are least prepared to handle them. Understanding what must be done in the first hours and days after death can help prevent costly mistakes, protect estate assets, and lay the groundwork for an orderly probate process.

Some actions are legally required and time-sensitive. Others are simply prudent steps that protect property, reduce confusion, and prevent disputes later. Knowing the difference is critical.

The Critical First 48 Hours

The first 48 hours after death are especially important. During this time, families must balance emotional shock with urgent decisions that can affect the entire estate administration process.

Immediate Actions Required

Obtain an Official Pronouncement of Death

A legal pronouncement of death must be made by a qualified medical professional. If death occurs in a hospital or hospice setting, this is handled automatically. If death occurs at home and is unexpected, emergency services should be contacted.

The pronouncement allows the death certificate to be issued and begins the legal process required for probate, insurance claims, and government notifications.

Secure the Deceased’s Residence and Assets

One of the most important early steps is securing the deceased’s home and property. Unsecured property is vulnerable to theft, damage, or unauthorized removal of assets.

• Change locks if others had access
• Secure valuables such as jewelry, artwork, and electronics
• Ensure utilities and property maintenance continue
• Collect mail or arrange forwarding
• Secure vehicles and verify insurance coverage

Locate Important Documents

Locating key documents early will significantly streamline the probate process. These documents establish legal authority, identify assets, and clarify the deceased’s wishes.

Legal Documents:

• Will and codicils
• Trust documents
• Powers of attorney
• Marriage or divorce records
• Birth certificates

Financial Documents:

• Bank and investment statements
• Retirement and pension accounts
• Life insurance policies
• Property deeds and mortgages
• Tax returns (last 3 years)

Personal Identification:

• Social Security card
• Driver’s license or ID
• Passport
• Military or professional records

Death Certificates

Certified death certificates are required for nearly every post-death transaction. Banks, insurers, courts, and government agencies all require original copies.

Most families should order 10–15 certified copies at the outset to avoid delays.

• Issued by the county where death occurred
• Typically available within 3–10 business days
• Cost averages $25 for the first copy, $7 for each additional

Required Notifications

Proper notification is both a legal and practical requirement. Some notifications must occur immediately, while others follow over the next several weeks.

Immediate Notifications:

• Family and close friends
• Employer or business partners
• Medical providers

Government Notifications:

• Social Security Administration (800-772-1213)
• Veterans Administration (if applicable)
• Medicare or other benefit programs

The First 30 Days: A Practical Checklist

• Order death certificates
• Arrange funeral or memorial services
• Notify banks, insurers, and creditors
• Secure property and assets
• Meet with a probate professional
• Open an estate account if required
• Begin asset and liability inventory

Common Mistakes to Avoid

• Failing to secure property promptly
• Not ordering enough death certificates
• Allowing property to be removed without documentation
• Delaying legal or financial guidance

The steps taken immediately after death shape everything that follows. By acting deliberately, documenting carefully, and seeking guidance when needed, families can reduce stress, prevent disputes, and create a smoother probate process.